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TÜRKİYE, ERMENİSTAN, YUNANİSTAN, S. ARAB, LİBYA
TÜM PARAMETRELER İÇİN  KARŞILAŞTIRMA
1 - MONITORING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: ENLARGING PEOPLE’S CHOICES . .
TÜRKİYE, ERMENİSTAN, YUNANİSTAN, S. ARAB, LİBYA TR ARM GR SA LB
           
1 - Human development index (HDI) 85 76 24 71 64
Life expectancy at birth (years), 2000 69.8 72.9 78.2 71.6 70.5
Adult literacy rate (% age 15 and above), 2000 85.1 98.4 97.2 76.3 80.0
Combined primary, secondary and tertiary gross enrolment ratio (%), 1999 62 80 81 61 92
GDP per capita (PPP$), 2000 6,974 2,559 16,501 11,367 7,570 1 2
Life expectancy index, 2000 0.75 0.80 0.89 0.78 0.76
Education index, 2000 0.77 0.92 0.92 0.71 0.84
GDP index, 2000 0.71 0.54 0.85 0.79 0.72
Human development index (HDI) value, 2000 0.742 0.754 0.885 0.759 0.773
GDP per capita (PPP US$) rank minus HDI rank, 2000 -18 41 10 -26 -2
2 - Human development index trends
Human development index (HDI) value, 1975 0.593 .. 0.808 0.587 ..
Human development index (HDI) value, 1980 0.617 .. 0.829 0.646 ..
Human development index (HDI) value, 1985 0.654 .. 0.845 0.670 ..
Human development index (HDI) value, 1990 0.686 0.759 0.859 0.706 ..
Human development index (HDI) value, 1995 0.717 0.715 0.868 0.737 ..
Human development index (HDI) value, 2000 0.742 0.754 0.885 0.759 0.773
3 - Human and income poverty: Developing countries
Human poverty index (HPI-1) rank, 2000 18 .. .. 29 27
Human poverty index (HPI-1) value (%), 2000 12.7 .. .. 16.9 16.2
Probability at birth of not surviving to age 40 (% of cohort), 1995-2000 9.6 4.4 2.9 6.4 6.4
Adult illiteracy rate (% age 15 and above), 2000 14.9 1.6 2.8 23.7 20.0
% of population not using improved drinking water sources (%), 2000 17 .. .. 5 28
Underweight children under age-five (%), 1995-2000 8 3 .. 14 5
Population below income poverty line (%), $1 a day (1993 PPP US$), 1983-2000 2.4 7.8 .. .. ..
Population below income poverty line (%), $2 a day (1993 PPP US$), 1983-2000 18.0 34.0 .. .. ..
Population below income poverty line (%), national poverty line, 1987-2000 .. .. .. .. ..
Human poverty index (HPI-1) rank minus income poverty rank, 2000 5 .. .. .. ..
4 - Human and income poverty: OECD countries, Eastern Europe and the CIS
Human poverty index (HPI-2) rank, 2000 .. .. .. .. ..
Human poverty index (HPI-2) value (%), 2000 .. .. .. .. ..
Probability at birth of not surviving to age 60 (% of cohort), 1995-2000 20.1 14.7 9.4 17.5 19.8
People who are functionally illiterate (% age 16-65), 1994-98 .. .. .. .. ..
Long-term unemployment (as % of labour force), 2000 .. .. 6.4 .. ..
Proportion of the population below 50% of median income, 1987-98 .. .. .. .. ..
Proportion of the population below $11.00 a day (1994 PPP US$), 1994-95 .. .. .. .. ..
Proportion of the population below $4 a day (1990 PPP US$), 1996-99 .. .. .. .. ..
HPI-2 rank minus income poverty rank .. .. .. .. ..

2 - . . . TO LEAD A LONG AND HEALTHY LIFE . . .
           
5 - Demographic trends
Total population (millions), 1975 40.0 2.8 9.0 7.3 2.4
Total population (millions), 2000 66.7 3.8 10.6 20.3 5.3
Total population (millions), 2015 79.0 3.8 10.5 31.7 7.1
Annual population growth rate (%), 1975-2000 2.0 1.2 0.6 4.1 3.1
Annual population growth rate (%), 2000-2015 1.1 (.) -.1 3.0 1.9
Urban population (as % of total), 1975 41.6 63.0 55.3 58.4 60.9
Urban population (as % of total), 2000 65.8 67.2 60.1 86.2 87.6
Urban population (as % of total), 2015 71.8 69.8 65.1 91.0 90.3
Population under age 15 (as % of total), 2000 30.0 23.7 15.1 42.9 33.9
Population under age 15 (as % of total), 2015 24.1 14.0 12.7 38.6 30.4
Population under age 65 (as % of total), 2000 5.8 8.6 17.6 3.0 3.4
Population under age 65 (as % of total), 2015 7.2 10.3 21.2 4.4 5.1
Total fertility rate (per woman), 1970-75 5.2 3.0 2.3 7.3 7.6
Total fertility rate (per woman), 1995-2000 2.7 1.4 1.3 6.2 3.8
6 - Commitment to health: access, services and resources
Population using adequate sanitation facilities (%), 2000 91 .. .. 100 97
Population using improved water sources (%), 2000 83 .. .. 95 72
Population with access to essential drugs (%), 1999 .. .. .. .. ..
One-year-olds fully immunized against tuberculosis (%), 1999 89 93 88 99 97
One-year-olds fully immunized against measles (%), 1999 80 91 88 94 92
Oral rehydration therapy use rate (%), 1994-2000 15 30 .. .. ..
Contraceptive prevalence (%), 1995-2000 64 61 .. 32 40
Births attended by skilled health staff (%), 1995-2000 81 97 .. 91 94
Physicians (per 100,000 people), 1990-99 121 316 392 166 128
Health expenditure, public (as % of GDP), 1998 3.3 1 4.0 1 4.7 .. ..
Health expenditure, private (as % of GDP), 1998 1.4 4.2 3.6 .. ..
Health expenditure per capita (PPP US$), 1998 153 .. 965 .. ..
7 - Leading global health crises and challenges
Undernourished people (as % of total population), 1997/99 .. 35 .. .. ..
Children under weight for age (% under age 5), 1995-2000 8 3 .. 14 5
Children under height for age (% under age 5), 1995-2000 16 14 .. 20 15
Infants with low birth-weight (%), 1995-2000 15 9 7 3 7 3
People living with HIV/AIDS, adults (% age 15-49), 2001 .. 2 0.15 0.17 .. 0.24
People living with HIV/AIDS, women (% age 15-49), 2001 .. 480 1,800 .. 1,100
People living with HIV/AIDS, children (% age 0-14), 2001 .. .. .. .. ..
Malaria cases (per 100,000 people), 2000 17 4 .. 33 2
Tuberculosis cases (per 100,000 people), 1999 34 42 9 17 30
Cigarette consumption per adult (annual average), 1992-2000 2,068 925 3,571 .. ..
8 - Survival: progress and setbacks
Life expectancy at birth (years), 1970-75 57.9 72.5 72.3 53.9 52.9
Life expectancy at birth (years), 1995-2000 69.0 72.4 78.0 70.9 70.0
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 1970 150 24 38 118 105
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 2000 38 25 5 24 17
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 1970 201 30 54 185 160
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 2000 45 30 6 29 20
Probability at birth of surviving to age 65, female (% of cohort), 1995-2000 78.6 85.1 91.4 78.4 76.0
Probability at birth of surviving to age 65, male (% of cohort), 1995-2000 68.7 70.8 81.6 73.4 68.3
Maternal mortality ratio reported (per 100,000 live births), 1985-99 130 3 35 1 .. 75

3 - . . . TO ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE . . .
9 - Commitment to education: public spending
Public education expenditure (as % of GNP), 1985-87 1.2 4 .. 2.2 7.4 9.6
Public education expenditure (as % of GNP), 1995-97 2.2 5 2.0 3.1 1 7.5 ..
Public education expenditure (as % of total government expenditure), 1985-87 .. .. 6.1 13.6 20.8
Public education expenditure (as % of total government expenditure), 1995-97 14.7 5 10.3 8.2 1 22.8 ..
Pre-primary and primary public education expenditure (as % of all levels), 1985-86 45.9 .. 37.6 .. ..
Pre-primary and primary public education expenditure (as % of all levels), 1995-97 43.3 6 15.8 35.3 2 .. ..
Secondary public education expenditure (as % of all levels), 1985-86 22.4 .. 41.3 72.9 1 ..
Secondary public education expenditure (as % of all levels), 1995-97 22.0 6 63.0 38.0 2 84.4 1 ..
Tertiary public education expenditure (as % of all levels), 1985-86 23.9 .. 20.1 27.1 ..
Tertiary public education expenditure (as % of all levels), 1995-97 34.7 6 13.2 25.0 2 15.6 ..
10 - Literacy and enrolment
Adult literacy rate (% age 15 and above), 1985 73.9 96.8 93.2 59.4 60.8
Adult literacy rate (% age 15 and above), 2000 85.1 98.4 97.2 76.3 80.0
Youth literacy rate (% age 15 -24), 1985 90.7 99.4 99.4 80.0 86.7
Youth literacy rate (% age 15 -24), 2000 96.5 99.7 99.8 92.7 96.5
Net primary enrolment ratio (%), 1985-87 95 .. 98 53 ..
Net primary enrolment ratio (%), 1998 100 .. 95 59 ..
Net secondary enrolment ratio (%), 1985-87 38 .. 82 29 ..
Net secondary enrolment ratio (%), 1998 .. .. 86 .. 71
Children reaching grade 5 (%), 1995-97 .. .. .. 89 ..
Tertiary students in science, math and engineering (as % of all tertiary students), 1994-97 22 33 .. 18 ..
11 - Technology: diffusion and creation
Telephone mainlines (per 1,000 people), 1990 121 157 389 77 48
Telephone mainlines (per 1,000 people), 2000 280 152 532 137 108
Cellular mobile subscribers (per 1,000 people), 1990 1 0 0 1 0
Cellular mobile subscribers (per 1,000 people), 2000 246 5 557 64 7
Internet hosts (per 1,000 people), 1990 0.1 (.) 0.7 (.) 0
Internet hosts (per 1,000 people), 2000 1.1 0.8 10.5 0.2 (.)
Patents granted to residents (per million people), 1998 (.) 8 (.) (.) ..
Royalties and license fees (US$ per person), 2000 .. .. 0.5 0 ..
Research and development (R&D) expenditures (as % of GNP), 1990-2000 0.5 0.2 0.5 .. ..
Scientist & engineers in R&D (per million people), 1990-2000 303 1,308 1,045 .. 361

4 - . . . TO HAVE ACCESS TO THE RESOURCES NEEDED FOR A DECENT STANDARD OF LIVING . . .
12 - Economic performance
GDP (US$ billions,) 2000 199.9 1.9 112.6 173.3 ..
GDP (PPP US$ billions), 2000 455.3 9.7 174.3 235.6 ..
GDP per capita (PPP US$), 2000 6,974 2,559 16,501 11,367 ..
GDP per capita annual growth rate (%), 1975-2000 2.1 .. 0.9 -2.2 -6.7 4
GDP per capita annual growth rate (%), 1990-2000 2.1 -2.5 1.8 -1.2 ..
GDP per capita, highest value during 1975-2000 (PPP US$) 7,063 4,044 2 16,501 19,525 ..
GDP per capita, year of highest value, 1975-2000 1,998 1,990 2,000 1,980 ..
Average annual change in consumer price index (%), 1990-2000 79.9 72.0 2 9.0 1.0 ..
Average annual change in consumer price index (%), 1999-2000 54.9 -.8 3.2 -.9 ..
14 - The structure of trade
Imports of goods and services (as % of GDP), 1990 18 46 28 36 ..
Imports of goods and services (as % of GDP), 2000 31 51 29 3 26 ..
Exports of goods and services (as % of GDP), 1990 13 35 18 46 ..
Exports of goods and services (as % of GDP), 2000 24 23 20 3 50 ..
Primary exports (as % of merchandise exports), 1990 32 .. 46 93 95
Primary exports (as % of merchandise exports), 2000 18 52 49 3 93 ..
Manufacturing exports (as % of merchandise exports), 1990 68 .. 54 7 5
Manufacturing exports (as % of merchandise exports), 2000 81 43 50 3 7 ..
High technology exports (as % of manufactured exports), 1990 1 .. 2 .. ..
High technology exports (as % of manufactured exports), 2000 5 5 9 3 (.) ..
Terms of trade (1980 = 100), 1999 .. .. 72 45 50
15 - Flows of aid from DAC member countries
Total net official development assistance (millions US$), 2000 .. .. 226 .. ..
Official development assistance (ODA) (as % of GNI), 1990 .. .. .. .. ..
Official development assistance (ODA) (as % of GNI), 2000 .. .. 0.20 .. ..
Official development assistance (per capita of donor country, 2000 US$), 1990 .. .. .. .. ..
Official development assistance (per capita of donor country, 2000 US$), 2000 .. .. 25 .. ..
ODA to least developed countries (as % of total), 1990 .. .. .. .. ..
ODA to least developed countries (as % of total), 2000 .. .. 8 .. ..
Net grants by NGOs (as % of GNP), 1990 .. .. .. .. ..
Net grants by NGOs (as % of GNP), 2000 .. .. .. .. ..
16 - Flows of aid, private capital and debt
Official development assistance received (net disbursements) (US$ millions), 2000 324.9 215.9 .. 31.0 15.4 5
Official development assistance received (net disbursements) (US$ millions), 1990 4.9 57.0 .. 1.5 2.9 5
Official development assistance received (net disbursements) (as % of GDP), 1990 0.8 .. .. (.) ..
Official development assistance received (net disbursements) (as % of GDP), 2000 0.2 11.3 .. (.) ..
Net foreign direct investment inflows (as % of GDP), 1990 0.5 .. 1.2 .. ..
Net foreign direct investment inflows (as % of GDP), 2000 0.5 7.3 1.0 .. ..
Other private flows (as % of GDP), 1990 0.7 .. .. .. ..
Other private flows (as % of GDP), 2000 5.2 1.0 .. .. ..
Total debt service (as % of GDP), 1990 4.9 .. .. .. ..
Total debt service, (as % of GDP), 2000 10.6 2.2 .. .. ..
Total debt service, (as % of exports of goods and services), 1990 29.4 .. .. ..